Southern Sudan is an area afflicted by waterborne diseases such as Guinea worm. Guinea worm disease is contracted when a person drinks water contaminated with larvae. Guinea worm makes its sufferers miserable by causing large, burning blisters and open sores. There is no vaccine, nor medicine. The only prevention is an uncontaminated source of drinking water, such as from boreholes. The disease obviously negatively impacts school attendance. In 2006, Southern Sudan had 20,582 cases of Guinea worm—85 percent of the total global cases. Our Response: Provide 10 boreholes in Terekeka County, Central Equatoria region of Southern Sudan. Central Equatoria was home to 17 percent (525 cases) of Southern Sudan’s Guinea worm cases between January and August 2008. The area has 176 villages that reported at least one case of Guinea worm disease during 2007 and 2008. Terekeka County remains an area of significant incidence of the disease to this day. Medair proposes to provide 10 boreholes in Terekeka County by December 31, 2009. In addition, teams of community members will be trained to maintain the boreholes and repair the pumps, so that the communities themselves will be responsible for the longterm maintenance and operation of the boreholes. At the same time, Medair will train hygiene promoters and supervisors, who will in turn educate the community about Guinea worm disease, how it is contracted, and how it can be prevented by drinking safe water from boreholes. As a result of this project, an estimated 4,000 people will have access to clean water with these boreholes, and the associated hygiene awareness activities. This will result in a significant reduction in the incidence of Guinea worm disease in the area. Because the drilling of boreholes is as much an art as a science, sometimes dry boreholes result, despite the expertise and best efforts of the borehole teams. Medair estimates that it will be necessary to attempt to drill as many as 15 boreholes before succeeding in finding locations that result in 10 fully functioning wells. The actual cost of drilling 15 boreholes, resulting in 10 successful boreholes, is USD 100,000. The cost of hygiene promotion and the training of borehole maintenance teams is USD 20,000.